Dana said..
I would say that certainly ancient and medieval, and some early modern warfare was quite limited in geographic scope and the number of people involved; the vast majority of casualties were due to disease and wound infection rather than direct interpersonal violence-- basically, you'd have a small bunch of guys on horses trying to knock each other down and a larger bunch of guys hitting each other with clubs. The longbow and crossbow improved the ability of soldiers to kill other
soldiers
but didn't lead to civilian deaths.
It was limited by their *ability* to cause mass deaths more than their moral's mind. Pillaging an enemy's lands to force your opponent to meet you in direct conflict was quite common.
Such tactics were used at such a famous battle as Hastings...Harold would have been far better tactically to leave William stew for a while...his supply lines were longer and his power base further away. However William was pillaging around Pevensey and Harold had to go and sort him out before his own people decided he was no use as a king and rose in favour of another.
Leia